IMRF participates in IMO Maritime Safety Committee Meeting discussing MASS development and SAR integration

Roly McKie, the IMRF's IMO Representative and SAR Advisor, attended the 109th meeting of the IMO Maritime Safety Committee (MSC) from 2nd to 6th December 2024. The meeting addressed several key maritime safety issues, including the ongoing development of the Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS) Draft Code. A significant focus was placed on the Search and Rescue (SAR) requirements outlined in Chapter 23 of the code. The IMRF's involvement was particularly crucial as the committee explored the implications of MASS for SAR operations, a matter that is central to the IMRF's mission. 

During the discussions, the MASS Working Group delved into the MASS Code's technical, procedural, and regulatory aspects. The group sought to address the remaining issues, with the IMRF's representative actively participating in conversations about the SAR implications of the code. Given the technical challenges they would face at sea, one of the most pressing concerns was the feasibility of fully autonomous, or remotely operated, uncrewed MASS vessels. The committee recognised that, for the time being, MASS vessels would likely require onboard technical crews to maintain the vessels and address faults. Despite this, the MASS Code is designed to eventually be implemented in two phases, with a non-mandatory phase leading up to 2028 and a subsequent mandatory phase. 

Several delegations, highlighted concerns that the non-mandatory phase might be too short to gather sufficient operational data on MASS vessels. The IMRF authored a paper submitted to MSC 109, which was supported by three other member states delegations, and three NGOs that emphasised the importance to the global SAR system of ensuring that MASS vessels meet the same SAR requirements as conventional crewed vessels.  Two delegations specifically supported the IMRF's stance that MASS vessels must be integrated into the SAR system and held accountable for assisting in distress situations, particularly as the SAR system often relies on the nearest available vessel to provide immediate assistance. 

Discussions during the plenary session further revealed differing views on whether MASS vessels should be exempt from SAR obligations, especially in certain operating environments. One delegation proposed that MASS vessels should not be responsible for SAR duties in areas where there may be more crewed vessels, which are more capable of responding, such as in busy shipping areas. However, the IMRF argued against this view, stressing that MASS vessels must remain part of the SAR system, just as any other vessel would be. The IMRF emphasised that Maritime Rescue Coordination Centres (MRCCs) always assess the capabilities of the nearest available vessel to determine the most appropriate response, and that the nearest vessel is always the first option to rescue people in distress. 

The discussions also touched on whether MASS vessels should be required to perform On-Scene Coordinator (OSC) duties, which is not currently a mandated function of conventional ships. Some delegations proposed removing this requirement because it is not required of all ships. The IMRF are neutral on this. 

The IMRFs extensive SAR expertise makes it vital that the global SAR community is represented in these forums so our views can be heard and help to shape international policy and regulation Ultimately, the IMRF remained firm in its view that MASS should not be exempt from performing the same SAR functions as conventional ships, including deploying life-rafts, conducting rescue operations, and assisting with searches. 

Roly's participation was pivotal in advocating for the integration of MASS into the global SAR system, ensuring that no vessel, whether crewed or uncrewed, would be exempt from SAR obligations. The IMRF's stance was supported by several countries and three NGOs, who agreed that MASS vessels should be required to participate in SAR operations based on their capabilities. The IMRF also made clear that the advanced situational awareness tools available on MASS could potentially enhance SAR search functions but noted that any MASS vessels equipped with batteries-electric power sources may face limitations in terms of their SAR endurance. 

Roly’s engagement in these discussions was part of the IMRF’s broader efforts to ensure that the development of MASS technology aligns with SAR responsibilities and international conventions. The IMRF’s continued participation in such meetings is essential for advocating the inclusion of SAR obligations in the MASS Code and ensuring that the global SAR system remains effective, regardless of the type of vessel involved.